Mycapssa

MYCAPSSA is indicated for long-term maintenance treatment in acromegaly patients who have responded to and tolerated treatment with octreotide or lanreotide. MYCAPSSA is a somatostatin analog indicated for long-term maintenance treatment in acromegaly patients who have responded to and tolerated treatment with octreotide or lanreotide (‎ 1 ).

MYCAPSSA delayed-release 20 mg capsules are white hard gelatin capsules imprinted with "OT" on one half of the capsule and "20" on the other half. The capsules are supplied as: NDC Number Package Size 69880-120-28 Wallet of 28 capsules Storage Until first use, store unopened wallets of MYCAPSSA refrigerated at 2° to 8°C (36° to 46°F). Do not freeze. After first use, opened wallets may be stored at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) for up to 1 month.

Take MYCAPSSA orally with a glass of water on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before a meal or at least 2 hours after a meal (‎ 2.1 ). Initiate MYCAPSSA at a dosage of 40 mg daily, administered as 20 mg orally twice daily (‎ 2.2 ). Monitor insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and patient's signs and symptoms every two weeks during the dose titration or as indicated (‎ 2.2 ). Titrate the MYCAPSSA dosage, based on IGF-1 levels and patient's signs and symptoms. Increase the dosage in increments of 20 mg ( 2.2 ). The maximum recommended dosage is 80 mg daily (‎ 2.2 ). Once the maintenance dosage of MYCAPSSA is achieved, monitor IGF-1 levels and patient's signs and symptoms monthly or as indicated (‎ 2.2 ). For patients with end-stage renal disease, initiate at a dosage of 20 mg orally once daily. Titrate and adjust the maintenance dosage based on IGF-1 levels, patient's signs and symptoms and tolerability (‎ 2.4 ). 2.1 Important Administration Instructions Take MYCAPSSA orally with a glass of water on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before a meal or at least 2 hours after a meal. Swallow MYCAPSSA capsules whole. Do not crush or chew the capsules. 2.2 Recommended Dosage, Titration, and Monitoring Initiate MYCAPSSA at a dosage of 40 mg daily, administered as 20 mg orally twice daily. Monitor insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and patient's signs and symptoms every two weeks during the dose titration or as indicated. Titrate the MYCAPSSA dosage based on IGF-1 levels and patient's signs and symptoms. Increase the dosage in increments of 20 mg daily. For MYCAPSSA dosages of 60 mg daily, administer as 40 mg in the morning and 20 mg in the evening. For MYCAPSSA dosages of 80 mg daily, administer as 40 mg twice daily. The maximum recommended dosage of MYCAPSSA is 80 mg daily. Once the maintenance dosage of MYCAPSSA is achieved, monitor IGF-1 levels and patient's signs and symptoms monthly or as indicated. 2.3 Dosage Interruptions and Modifications If IGF-1 levels remain above the upper normal limit after treatment with the maximum recommended dosage of 80 mg daily or the patient cannot tolerate treatment with MYCAPSSA, consider discontinuing MYCAPSSA and switching patient to another somatostatin analog. Withdraw MYCAPSSA therapy periodically to assess disease activity. If IGF-1 levels increase and signs and symptoms recur, resume MYCAPSSA therapy. 2.4 Recommended Dosage in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease For patients with end-stage renal disease, initiate MYCAPSSA at a dosage of 20 mg orally once daily. Titrate and adjust the maintenance dosage of MYCAPSSA based on IGF-1 levels, patient's signs and symptoms and tolerability [see Dosage and Administration (‎2.2 , ‎ 2.3) , Use in Specific Populations (‎8.6) ]. 2.5 Dosage Modifications with Concomitant Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2-receptor Antagonists, or Antacids Patients taking proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists, or antacids concomitantly with MYCAPSSA may require increased dosages of MYCAPSSA [see Drug Interactions (‎7.1) ] .

Hypersensitivity to octreotide or any of the components of MYCAPSSA. Anaphylactoid reactions, including anaphylactic shock, have been reported in patients receiving octreotide [see Adverse Reactions (‎6.3) ]. Hypersensitivity to octreotide or any of the components of MYCAPSSA.

Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information). Cholelithiasis and Complications of Cholelithiasis Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider if they experience signs or symptoms of gallstones (cholelithiasis) or complications of cholelithiasis (e.g., cholecystitis, cholangitis and pancreatitis) [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.1) ]. Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider if they have problems with blood sugar levels, either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.2) ]. Thyroid Function Abnormalities Inform patients that their thyroid function will be assessed periodically during treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.3) ]. Cardiac Function Abnormalities Inform patients to contact the health care provider in case they notice irregular heartbeat [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.4) ]. Decreased Vitamin B 12 Levels and Abnormal Schilling's Tests Inform patients that Vitamin B 12 levels may be monitored during the treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.5) ]. Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Inform female patients that treatment with MYCAPSSA may result in unintended pregnancy [see Use in Specific Populations (‎8.3) ].

Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2-receptor Antagonists, or Antacids: may decrease bioavailability of MYCAPSSA and the MYCAPSSA dose may need to be increased (‎ 7 ). Cyclosporine : may have decreased bioavailability and require dose adjustment ( 7 ). Insulin and Antidiabetic Drugs: patients receiving insulin or antidiabetic drugs agents may require dose adjustment (‎ 7 ). Digoxin: exposure may be decreased and assessment of clinical response to digoxin should be performed (‎ 7 ). Lisinopril: bioavailability may be increased, monitor patient's blood pressure and adjust dose of lisinopril if needed (‎ 7 ). Levonorgestrel: counsel women to use an alternative non-hormonal method of contraception or a back-up method when MYCAPSSA is used with combined oral contraceptives (‎ 7 ). Bromocriptine: dose adjustment of bromocriptine may be necessary (‎ 7 ). Beta Blocker and Calcium Channel Blockers : dose adjustment of beta blockers or calcium channel blockers may be necessary (‎ 7 ). Drugs Metabolized by CYP 450 Enzymes: concomitant use with other drugs mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 that have a narrow therapeutic index (e.g., quinidine) should be used with caution and increased monitoring may be required (‎ 7 ). 7.1 Effects of Other Drugs on MYCAPSSA Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2-receptor Antagonists, or Antacids Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of MYCAPSSA with esomeprazole resulted in a decrease in the bioavailability for MYCAPSSA [ See Clinical Pharmacology (‎12.3) ] . Drugs that alter the pH of the upper GI tract (e.g., other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2-receptor antagonists, and antacids) may alter the absorption of MYCAPSSA and lead to a reduction in bioavailability. Intervention: Co-administration of MYCAPSSA with PPIs, H2-blockers, or antacids may require increased doses of MYCAPSSA. 7.2 Effects of MYCAPSSA on Other Drugs Cyclosporine Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of MYCAPSSA with cyclosporine resulted in a decrease in cyclosporine bioavailability [see Clinical Pharmacology (‎12.3) ]. Intervention: Adjustment of cyclosporine dose to maintain therapeutic levels may be necessitated. Insulin and Antidiabetic Drugs Clinical Impact: MYCAPSSA inhibits the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Intervention: Monitor blood glucose levels in diabetic patients upon MYCAPSSA initiation and subsequent dose adjustment. Patients receiving insulin or antidiabetic drugs agents may require dose adjustment of these therapeutic agents. Digoxin Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of MYCAPSSA with digoxin resulted in a decrease in digoxin peak exposure [see Clinical Pharmacology (‎12.3) ]. Intervention: Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic ratio and careful assessment of clinical response should be performed when digoxin is concomitantly administered with MYCAPSSA. Lisinopril Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of MYCAPSSA increases lisinopril bioavailability [see Clinical Pharmacology (‎12.3) ] . Intervention: Monitor patient's blood pressure and adjust the dosage of lisinopril if needed. Levonorgestrel Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of MYCAPSSA with levonorgestrel decreases levonorgestrel bioavailability [see Clinical Pharmacology (‎12.3) ] . Intervention: Decreased bioavailability may potentially diminish the effectiveness of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) or increase breakthrough bleeding. Counsel women to use an alternative non-hormonal method of contraception or a back-up method when MYCAPSSA is used with COCs. Bromocriptine Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of MYCAPSSA with bromocriptine may increase the systemic exposure of bromocriptine [see Clinical Pharmacology (‎12.3) ]. Intervention: Dose adjustment of bromocriptine may be necessary. Beta Blocker and Calcium Channel Blockers Clinical Impact: MYCAPSSA may cause bradycardia in acromegaly patients. Intervention: Patients receiving beta blockers or calcium channel blockers may require dose adjustments of these therapeutic agents. Drugs Metabolized by CYP 450 Enzymes Clinical Impact: Limited published data indicate that somatostatin analogs including MYCAPSSA may decrease the metabolic clearance of compounds known to be metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which may be due to the suppression of GH. Intervention: Concomitant use with other drugs mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 that have a narrow therapeutic index (e.g., quinidine) should be used with caution and increased monitoring may be required.

Studies in laboratory animals have demonstrated no mutagenic potential of octreotide acetate. No carcinogenicity studies have been conducted with MYCAPSSA. No carcinogenic potential was demonstrated in mice treated subcutaneously with octreotide acetate for 85–99 weeks at doses up to 2000 mcg/kg/day (8 times the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area). In a 116-week subcutaneous study in rats administered octreotide acetate, a 27% and 12% incidence of injection-site sarcomas or squamous cell carcinomas was observed in males and females, respectively, at the highest dose level of 1250 mcg/kg/day (10 times the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area) compared to an incidence of 8% to 10% in the vehicle-control groups. The increased incidence of injection-site tumors was most probably caused by irritation and the high sensitivity of the rat to repeated subcutaneous injections at the same site. There was also a 15% incidence of uterine adenocarcinomas in the 1250 mcg/kg/day females compared to 7% in the saline-control females and 0% in the vehicle-control females. The presence of endometritis coupled with the absence of corpora lutea, the reduction in mammary fibroadenomas, and the presence of uterine dilatation suggest that the uterine tumors were associated with estrogen dominance in the aged female rats, which does not occur in humans. No fertility studies in animals have been conducted with MYCAPSSA. Injectable octreotide acetate did not impair fertility in rats at doses up to 1000 mcg/kg/day, which represents 7 times the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area.

Risk Summary Available data from case reports with octreotide acetate use in pregnant women are insufficient to identify a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with MYCAPSSA. No adverse developmental effects were observed with intravenous administration of octreotide to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis at doses 7 and 13 times, respectively, the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area. Transient growth retardation, with no impact on postnatal development, was observed in rat offspring from a pre- and post-natal study of octreotide at intravenous doses below the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area (see Data ) . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2%-4% and 15%-20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In embryo-fetal development studies in rats and rabbits, pregnant animals received intravenous doses of octreotide up to 1 mg/kg/day during the period of organogenesis. A slight reduction in body weight gain was noted in pregnant rats at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg/day. There were no maternal effects in rabbits or embryo-fetal effects in either species up to the maximum dose tested. At 1 mg/kg/day in rats and rabbits, the dose multiple was approximately 7 and 13 times, respectively, the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area. In a pre- and post-natal development rat study at intravenous doses of 0.02-1 mg/kg/day, a transient growth retardation of the offspring was observed at all doses which was possibly a consequence of growth hormone inhibition by octreotide. The doses attributed to the delayed growth are below the clinical dose based on octreotide injection body surface area.

Safety and efficacy of MYCAPSSA in pediatric patients have not been established. In post-marketing reports, serious adverse reactions, including hypoxia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and death, have been reported with octreotide injection use in pediatric patients, most notably in children under 2 years of age.

Clinical studies of octreotide did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. In MYCAPSSA clinical studies, 39 patients (21%) were age 65 years or over and 1 patient was age 75 years or over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these patients and younger patients, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

The following important adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in the labeling: Cholelithiasis and Complications of Cholelithiasis [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.1) ] Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.2) ] Thyroid Function Abnormalities [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.3) ] Cardiac Function Abnormalities [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.4) ] Decreased Vitamin B12 Levels and Abnormal Schilling's Tests [see Warnings and Precautions (‎5.5) ] Most common adverse reactions (incidence >10 %) are nausea, diarrhea, headache, arthralgia, asthenia, hyperhidrosis, peripheral swelling, blood glucose increased, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, dyspepsia, sinusitis, osteoarthritis (‎ 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact the medical information department at 1-855-303-2347 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch 6.1 Clinical Studies Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. MYCAPSSA has been evaluated in patients with acromegaly in a placebo-controlled study [see Clinical Studies (‎14) ] and an open-label baseline-controlled study . The data reflect exposure of 183 patients to MYCAPSSA for a mean duration of 29 weeks. In the overall study population, 56% were female and the average age of patients was 54.3 years. Adverse reactions occurring ≥ 5% and greater than placebo for the placebo-controlled study are presented in Table 1 and adverse reactions occurring ≥ 5% in the open-label study are presented in Table 2. Table 1: Adverse Reactions Occurring ≥ 5% and Greater than Placebo in a Placebo-Controlled Study with MYCAPSSA in Acromegaly Patients MYCAPSSA % (N=28) PLACEBO % (N=28) Diarrhea 29 21 Nausea 21 11 Blood glucose increased Includes blood glucose increased, hyperglycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin increased 14 7 Vomiting 14 0 Abdominal discomfort 14 11 Dyspepsia 11 4 Sinusitis 11 0 Osteoarthritis 11 0 Urinary tract infection 7 4 Pain 7 0 Large intestine polyp 7 0 Cholelithiasis 7 4 Table 2: Adverse Reactions Occurring ≥ 5% in an Open-Label Study with MYCAPSSA in Acromegaly Patients MYCAPSSA % (N=155) Headache 33 Nausea 30 Arthralgia 26 Asthenia 22 Hyperhidrosis 21 Diarrhea 18 Peripheral swelling 16 Dyspepsia 8 Abdominal pain upper 8 Abdominal distension 7 Nasopharyngitis 7 Influenza 7 Blood glucose increased Includes blood glucose increased, hyperglycemia and impaired fasting glucose 6 Vomiting 6 Flatulence 6 Back pain 6 Abdominal pain 5 Dizziness 5 Fatigue 5 Upper respiratory tract infection 5 Hypertension 5 Other Adverse Reactions Gallbladder Abnormalities In the placebo-controlled study, in patients treated with MYCAPSSA, acute cholecystitis occurred in 4% of patients. In the open-label study, cholelithiasis occurred in 4.5% of patients and bile duct obstruction, bile duct stone, acute cholecystitis and jaundice occurred in 1% of patients each. Hypoglycemia/Hyperglycemia In the placebo-controlled study, 18% of patients treated with MYCAPSSA and 4% of patients treated with placebo developed at least one glucose value above the upper normal limit. All patients with abnormal glucose values were asymptomatic. Asymptomatic hypoglycemia was reported in 4% of patients. In the open-label study 16% of patients developed a glucose value above the upper limit of normal. Asymptomatic hypoglycemia was reported in 4% and symptomatic hypoglycemia was reported in 1% of patients. Diabetes was reported in 1% of patients. Hypothyroidism In the open-label study, hypothyroidism, increased TSH, or decreased free T4 were reported in 1% of patients. Cardiac In the open-label study, bradycardia was reported in 2%, conduction abnormalities in 1%, and arrhythmias/tachycardia in 2% of patients. Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most commonly reported adverse reactions with MYCAPSSA. In the placebo-controlled study, gastrointestinal adverse reactions were reported in 68% of patients treated with MYCAPSSA. These adverse reactions were diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, dyspepsia, large intestinal polyp, abdominal pain, constipation, and flatulence. The adverse reactions were mild to moderate, occurred mostly during the initial 3 months of treatment, and resolved on treatment within a median duration of 8 days. In the open-label study, gastrointestinal adverse reactions were reported in 57% of patients. Gastrointestinal adverse reactions occurring in ≥ 1% of patients were nausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, abdominal distention, vomiting, flatulence, constipation, gastroesophageal reflux disease, abdominal discomfort, frequent bowel movement, gastritis, hemorrhoids, dry mouth, and gastrointestinal motility disorder. Large intestinal polyp was reported in 1 patient. The adverse reactions were mostly mild to moderate, occurred during the initial 2 months of treatment, and resolved on treatment within a median of 13 days. Ten patients discontinued treatment due to gastrointestinal adverse reactions. 6.2 Immunogenicity As with all therapeutic peptides, there is potential for immunogenicity. The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of antibodies in other studies or to other octreotide acetate products may be misleading. No antibodies to the octreotide peptide from MYCAPSSA were detected in 149 patients assessed in the open label study throughout 13 months of treatment. 6.3 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during the post-approval use of octreotide acetate. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Blood and lymphatic: pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia Cardiac: myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, atrial fibrillation Ear and labyrinth: deafness Endocrine: diabetes insipidus, adrenal insufficiency in patients 18 months of age and under, pituitary apoplexy Eye: glaucoma, visual field defect, scotoma, retinal vein thrombosis Gastrointestinal: intestinal obstruction, peptic/gastric ulcer, abdomen enlarged General and administration site: generalized edema, facial edema Hepatobiliary: gallbladder polyp, fatty liver, hepatitis Immune: anaphylactoid reactions including anaphylactic shock Infections and infestations: appendicitis Laboratory abnormalities: increased liver enzymes, CK increased, creatinine increased Metabolism and nutrition: diabetes mellitus Musculoskeletal: arthritis, joint effusion, Raynaud's syndrome Nervous System: convulsions, aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, hemiparesis, paresis, suicide attempt, paranoia, migraines, Bell's palsy, aphasia Renal and urinary: renal failure, renal insufficiency Reproductive and breast: gynecomastia, galactorrhea, libido decrease, breast carcinoma Respiratory: status asthmaticus, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary nodule, pneumothorax aggravated Skin and subcutaneous tissue: urticaria, cellulitis, petechiae Vascular: orthostatic hypotension, hematuria, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, arterial thrombosis of the arm

A limited number of accidental overdoses of injectable octreotide acetate in adults has been reported. The doses ranged from 2.4 mg/day to 6 mg/day administered by continuous infusion or subcutaneously 1.5 mg three times a day. Adverse reactions in some patients included arrhythmia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, brain hypoxia, pancreatitis, hepatic steatosis, hepatomegaly, lactic acidosis, flushing, diarrhea, lethargy, weakness, and weight loss. If overdose occurs, contact Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) for latest recommendations.