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Atropine Sulfate

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Generic:ATROPINE SULFATE
Manufacturer:Hospira, Inc., Alcon Laboratories, Inc.
Drug Classes:Not Available
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Atropine Sulfate

Generic:ATROPINE SULFATE
Manufacturer:Hospira, Inc., Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Bausch & Lomb Incorporated
Drug Classes:Not Available
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Synopsis
Contents
DescriptionIndication and UsageHow suppliedDosage & Side EffectsContraindicationsWarnings and PrecautionsDrug interactionsCarcinogenesis and Mutagenesis and Impairment of fertilityPregnancyPediatric UseGeriatric UseAdverse ReactionsOverdosage
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Disclaimer: The synopsis and product information provided on Alpha.MD are derived from openFDA data and are for informational purposes only. This information may not be comprehensive, accurate, or up-to-date. Clinicians should exercise their own professional judgment in interpreting and using this information, and consult the official prescribing information for the most accurate and current details.
Description

11 Description Atropine sulfate injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic isotonic solution of atropine sulfate monohydrate in water for injection with sodium chloride sufficient to render the solution isotonic. It is administered parenterally by intravenous injection. Each milliliter (mL) contains 0.1 mg (adult strength) of atropine sulfate monohydrate equivalent to 0.083 mg (adult strength) of atropine, and sodium chloride, 9 mg. May contain sodium hydroxide and/or sulfuric acid for pH adjustment. 0.308 mOsmol/mL (calc.). pH 3.0 to 6.5. Sodium chloride added to render the solution isotonic for injection of the active ingredient is present in amounts insufficient to affect serum electrolyte balance of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. The solution contains no bacteriostat, antimicrobial agent or added buffer (except for pH adjustment) and is intended for use only as a single-dose injection. When smaller doses are required the unused portion should be discarded. Atropine sulfate, USP is chemically designated 1α H, 5α H-tropan-3-α-ol (±)-tropate (ester), sulfate (2:1) (salt) monohydrate, (C 17 H 23 NO 3 ) 2 H 2 SO 4 H 2 O, colorless, almost white to white solid. It is very soluble in water and glacial acetic acid, freely soluble in ethanol (96%) and practically insoluble in diethyl ether. It has the following structural formula: Atropine, a naturally occurring belladonna alkaloid, is a racemic mixture of equal parts of d- and 1-hyocyamine, whose activity is due almost entirely to the levo isomer of the drug. Sodium chloride, USP is chemically designated NaCl, a white crystalline powder freely soluble in water. Formula1.jpg

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Indication and Usage

1 Indications and Usage Atropine sulfate injection is indicated for temporary blockade of severe or life-threatening muscarinic effects, e.g., as an antisialagogue, an antivagal agent, an antidote for organophosphorus or muscarinic mushroom poisoning and to treat bradyasystolic cardiac arrest. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist indicated for temporary blockade of severe or life-threatening muscarinic effects. (1)

How supplied

16 How Supplied/Storage and Handling Atropine Sulfate Injection USP, 0.5 mg/5 mL (0.1 mg/mL) is available as a sterile, clear, colorless solution for intravenous administration and supplied in 5 mL single-dose glass syringe as follows: Atropine Sulfate Injection USP, 1 mg/10 mL (0.1 mg/mL) is available as a sterile, clear, colorless solution for intravenous administration and supplied in 10 mL single-dose glass syringe as follows: Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Product repackaged by: Henry Schein, Inc., Bastian, VA 24314 From Original Manufacturer/Distributor's NDC and Unit of Sale To Henry Schein Repackaged Product NDC and Unit of Sale Total Strength/Total Volume (Concentration) per unit NDC 70121-1705-7 package of 10, 5 mL single-dose glass syringes NDC 0404-9784-05 1 syringe in 1 carton in a bag (Vial bears NDC 70121-1705-1) 0.5 mg/5 mL (0.1 mg/mL) Manufactured by: Amneal Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. Ahmedabad 382213, INDIA Distributed by: Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC Bridgewater, NJ 08807 Rev. 09-2025-03 Image2.jpg Image3.jpg

Dosage & Side Effects

2 Dosage and Administration 2.1 General Administration Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact. Each syringe is intended for single-dose only. Discard unused portion. For intravenous administration. Titrate based on heart rate, PR interval, blood pressure and symptoms. 2.2 Adult Dosage Table 1: Recommended Dosage 2.3 Pediatric Dosage Dosing in pediatric populations has not been well studied. Usual initial dose is 0.01 mg/kg to 0.03 mg/kg. 2.4 Dosing in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Limit the total dose of atropine sulfate to 0.03 mg/kg to 0.04 mg/kg [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. For intravenous administration. (2.1) Titrate according to heart rate, PR interval, blood pressure and symptoms. (2.1) Adult dosage - Antisialagogue or for antivagal effects: Initial single dose of 0.5 mg to 1 mg. (2.2) - Antidote for organophosphorus or muscarinic mushroom poisoning: Initial single dose of 2 mg to 3 mg, repeated every 20 to 30 minutes. (2.2) - Bradyasystolic cardiac arrest: 1 mg dose, repeated every 3 to 5 minutes if asystole persists. (2.2) Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Limit the total dose to 0.03 mg/kg to 0.04 mg/kg. (2.4) Image1.jpg

Contraindications

4 Contraindications None. (4) None. (4)

Warnings and Precautions

5 Warnings and Precautions 5.1 Tachycardia When the recurrent use of atropine is essential in patients with coronary artery disease, the total dose should be restricted to 2 mg to 3 mg (maximum 0.03 mg/kg to 0.04 mg/kg) to avoid the detrimental effects of atropine-induced tachycardia on myocardial oxygen demand. 5.2 Acute Glaucoma Atropine may precipitate acute glaucoma. 5.3 Pyloric Obstruction Atropine may convert partial organic pyloric stenosis into complete obstruction. 5.4 Complete Urinary Retention Atropine may lead to complete urinary retention in patients with prostatic hypertrophy. 5.5 Viscid Plugs Atropine may cause inspissation of bronchial secretions and formation of viscid plugs in patients with chronic lung disease. Tachycardia. (5.1) Glaucoma. (5.2) Pyloric obstruction. (5.3) Worsening urinary retention. (5.4) Viscid bronchial plugs. (5.5)

Drug interactions

7 Drug Interactions 7.1 Mexiletine Atropine sulfate injection decreased the rate of mexiletine absorption without altering the relative oral bioavailability; this delay in mexiletine absorption was reversed by the combination of atropine and intravenous metoclopramide during pretreatment for anesthesia. Mexiletine: Decreases rate of mexiletine absorption. (7.1) Revised: 8/2024

Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis and Impairment of fertility

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Studies have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic or mutagenic potential of atropine or its potential to affect fertility adversely.

Pregnancy

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with untreated severe or life-threatening muscarinic events (see Clinical Considerations). Available data from published observational studies on atropine sulfate use in pregnant women are insufficient to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes (see Data) . Animal developmental and reproductive toxicity studies have not been conducted with atropine. Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk Severe or life-threatening muscarinic events such as acute organophosphate poisoning and symptomatic bradycardia are medical emergencies in pregnancy which can be fatal if left untreated. Life-sustaining therapy for the pregnant woman should not be withheld because of concerns regarding the effects of atropine on the fetus. Data Human Data Atropine crosses the placenta [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. No adequate and well-controlled studies are available regarding use of atropine in pregnant women. In a cohort study of 401 pregnancies in the first trimester and 797 pregnancies in the second or third trimester, atropine use was not associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations. In a surveillance study, 381 newborns were exposed to atropine during the first trimester; 18 major birth defects were observed when 16 were expected. No specific pattern of major defects was identified. In another surveillance study of 50 pregnancies in the first trimester, atropine use was not associated with an increased risk of malformations. Methodological limitations of these observational studies including the inability to control for the dosage and timing of atropine exposure, underlying maternal disease, or concomitant maternal drug use, cannot definitively establish or exclude any drug-associated risk during pregnancy.

Pediatric Use

8.4 Pediatric Use Recommendations for use in pediatric patients are not based on clinical trials.

Geriatric Use

8.5 Geriatric Use An evaluation of current literature revealed no clinical experience identifying differences in response between elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.

Adverse Reactions

6 Adverse Reactions The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of atropine sulfate. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Most of the side effects of atropine are directly related to its antimuscarinic action. Dryness of the mouth, blurred vision, photophobia and tachycardia commonly occur. Anhidrosis can produce heat intolerance. Constipation and difficulty in micturition may occur in elderly patients. Occasional hypersensitivity reactions have been observed, especially skin rashes which in some instances progressed to exfoliation. Most adverse reactions are directly related to atropine’s antimuscarinic action. Dryness of the mouth, blurred vision, photophobia and tachycardia commonly occur with chronic administration of therapeutic doses. (6) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Amneal Pharmaceuticals at 1-877-835-5472 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Overdosage

10 Overdosage Excessive dosing may cause palpitation, dilated pupils, difficulty in swallowing, hot dry skin, thirst, dizziness, restlessness, tremor, fatigue and ataxia. Toxic doses lead to restlessness and excitement, hallucinations, delirium and coma. Depression and circulatory collapse occur only with severe intoxication. In such cases, blood pressure declines and death due to respiratory failure may ensue following paralysis and coma. The fatal adult dose of atropine is not known. In pediatric populations, 10 mg or less may be fatal. In the event of toxic overdosage, a short acting barbiturate or diazepam may be given as needed to control marked excitement and convulsions. Large doses for sedation should be avoided because central depressant action may coincide with the depression occurring late in atropine poisoning. Central stimulants are not recommended. Physostigmine, given as an atropine antidote by slow intravenous injection of 1 mg to 4 mg (0.5 mg to 1 mg in pediatric populations), rapidly abolishes delirium and coma caused by large doses of atropine. Since physostigmine is rapidly destroyed, the patient may again lapse into coma after one to two hours, and repeated doses may be required. Artificial respiration with oxygen may be necessary. Ice bags and alcohol sponges help to reduce fever, especially in pediatric populations. Atropine is not removed by dialysis.

Approval History
FDA approved 2022
Includes history for all formulations of adalimumab
January 26, 2022 (Type 1 - New Molecular Entity)
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